The section 7 of this act declared that it was initially applicable only to the territories of oudh, northwestern provinces and punjab, but the act authorized the governor general. Female infanticide is a deliberate and intentional act of killing a female. Female infanticide is the intentional killing of infant girls. Female infanticide in india has a history spanning centuries. The act prohibited determination of sex of the foetus and stated punishment for the violation of the provisions. A brief account of the indigo uprising 1859, deccan riots 1875, munda uprising 18991900 and t he response of the colonial authority.
Female infanticide in india wikimili, the best wikipedia. Antiinfanticide act of 1870 passed during british colonialism. Techniques regulation and prevention of misuse act. The frequency of female foeticide in india is increasing day by day. Historical setting and womens welfare legislation in. Article information, pdf download for law and crime in india. After that three more commissions were established in preindependent india. The female infanticide prevention act, 1870, also act viii of 1870 was a legislative act passed in british india, to prevent murder of female infants the section 7 of this act declared that it was initially applicable only to the territories of oudh, northwestern provinces and punjab.
Infanticide can give rise to the social awareness in the general public. The caste disability removal act, 1850, the hindu widows remarriage act, 1856, the female infanticide prevention act, 1870 and the child marriage restraint act, 1929, were other major enactments during british period for the protection and upliftment of. The female infanticide prevention act, 1870, implemented by the british government in the latter part of the nineteenth century was the first statute that aimed to deter people from murdering female infants by penalizing the action and laying down specific punishments for the same. In 1870, after an investigation by the colonial authorities the practice was made illegal, 19 with the female infanticide prevention act, 1870. Access to society journal content varies across our titles. Even early colonial administration also was reluctant to intervene in such sacrosanct or customary matters until 1870, when infanticide became a crime inviting penal action. This lesson discusses the status of widows in 19th century india, the legalisation of widow remarriage, and the issues associated with implementation of the legalisation. The natural ratio is assumed to be between 103 and 107, and any number above it is considered as suggestive of female foeticide. Karne, rabindranath tagore and other tried to inculculate in women. This lesson discusses the problem of female infanticide and the colonial legislation banning it. Article 315 reads, whoever before the birth of any child does any act with the intention of thereby preventing that child from being born. Female infanticide another form of eliminating the girl child has been the practice of female infanticide. Children pdf, archived from the original pdf on 10 november 2011, retrieved 20150526.
Prs or any persons connected with it shall not be in any way responsible for any loss, damage, or distress to any person on account of any action. The governorgeneral of india had the authority to expand the act to other regions at his discretion. Women empowerment indian history free pdf download. Sex selective abortion an act causing discrimination. The female infanticide prevention amendment act, 1897 keyword. R33486 inscribed royal college of physicians of edinburgh. International womens day international womens day iwd is celebrated on the 8th of march every year. Law as an instrument of social change in static societies, law can be used as instrument of social change law induces patterns of behavior conducive to prosperity where there are evil customs, they can be eliminated by law sati law abolishes those customs child marriage it is instrument to achieve peaceful change. These female infanticides although prohibited by the female infanticide prevention act in 1870 occur before births are duely recorded.
Isc history class 11 syllabus part i 20 marks consists of compulsory short answer questions testing fundamental factual knowledge and understanding of the entire syllabus. Female infanticide prevention act 1870, was enacted by them. The passing of the female infanticide prevention act, 1870 made the practice illegal in the british. Female infanticide prevention act, 1870, age of consent, 1891. In spite of the act of 1870 passed by the colonial government to suppress the. The original may be consulted at the royal college of physicians of edinburgh. The section 7 of this act declared that it was initially applicable only to the territories of oudh, northwestern provinces and punjab, but the act authorized the governor general to extend the law to any other district or province of the british raj at his discretion. Naeem zafar convener, child rights and abuse committee, pakistan pediatric association cracppa president, protection and help of children against abuse and neglect pahchaan. The practice was made illegal in the british indian regions of punjab and the northwestern provinces and oudh, with the passing of the female infanticide prevention act, 1870. Prevention act, 1870 owing to the criminal act of killing female child either at just birth in.
The female infanticide prevention act, 1870, also act viii of 1870 was a legislative act passed in british india, to prevent murder of female infants. British policy and the female infanticide act of 1870 1 malavika kasturi indian. The first act which the british introduced was the female infanticide. Under these circumstances the government passed the first contagious diseases act in 18s4, and here, let me impress upon you the fact that these acts, one and all, deal solely and only with women who are common prostitutes, and who make vice a trade, frequenting places of public resort for vicious purposes. By itself it is a comprehensive legislation which lays down the situations in which the use of prenatal diagnostic techniques is prohibited as also where it is regulated. The female infanticide act act viii of 1870, which has been examined in detail by lalita panigrahi and satadru sen, marked a new way of approaching this difficult issue. Because they are missing at birth, these girls are, therefore, never counted so the sex ratio at birth deviates from the norm which is normally 95 females born per 100 males born in favor of male children. Indian journal of gender studies law and crime in india.
The available evidence suggested that in the 19th century india, the practice was mainly prevalent in the higher social groups. Anti infanticide act of 1870 passed during british colonialism. In postcolonial india the female foeticide, a practice evolved from customary female. Duplicate copy this material has been provided by the royal college of physicians of edinburgh. Punjab children ordinance 1983 96 criminal justice system i. Which of the following was established in 1993 as a registered society to promote womens. Central act amendment, the female infanticide prevention act, 1870. The female infanticide prevention amendment act, 1897. According to womens rights activist donna fernandes, some practices are so deeply embedded within indian culture it is almost impossible to do away with them.
Part ii 60 marks is divided into two sections, section a and section b, each consisting of five questions. If you have access to a journal via a society or association membership, please browse to your society journal, select an article to view, and follow the instructions in this box. The tragedy of maternal filicide, or child murder by mothers, has occurred throughout history and throughout the world. Without being religiously sanctioned act, all such states tolerated infanticide including female infanticide as being sacramental or customary enough for not to be intervened. Female infanticide prevention 1870 andage of consent 1891the background and. According to womens rights activist donna fernandes, some practices are so deeply embedded within indian culture it is almost impossible to do away with them, and she has said that india is. To check female foeticide, the prenatal diagnostic techniques regulation and prevention of misuse act, 1994 was enacted. While the practice of female infanticide killed daughters after birth, the current practice of female. The female infanticide prevention act, 1870 also act viii of 1870 was a legislative act passed in british india, to prevent murder of female infants. Female infanticide act was enforced strictly from 1876 to 1906. Womens policy networks and the infanticide act 1922. The punjab agriculture produce market ordinance, 1978. The result of the consent effort of these reformens and. It also provided for mandatory registration of genetic counselling centres, clinics, hospitals, nursing homes, etc.
Female foeticide in india wikipedia republished wiki 2. Rm dave original research paper law indian journal of. Act xxi of 1795, the regulation act vi of 1802 and the act viii of 1870 popularly known as the female infanticide act. If number of newspaper articles on a topic can give us an idea of the public perception of the severity of the problem.
Prs or any persons connected with it do not accept any liability arising from the use of this document. Sen against early marriages facilitated the enactment of civil marriage act of 1872. The background and features have to be read critically to evaluate their impact on women. The act authorised the governorgeneral of india to expand it to other regions, when appropriate, at his discretion. Female infanticide wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. Pdf neonaticide, infanticide, and filicide are painful problems that may confront any society.
In addition to the active methods undertaken to eliminate baby girls soon after birth, neglect and discrimination leading to death and sexselective abortion are. Mothers who kill, 1870 1930 and today michelle oberman as a result of these conditions poverty, stigma, joblessness, the absence of daycare, etc. However, state intervention commenced along passage of antiinfanticide act in 1870 bringing it under the domain of criminality. Juvenile smoking ordinance, 1959, probation of offenders ordinance, 1960, child offenders act, 1933, factories act, 1934, protection of juveniles. The first law commission was established during the british regime in 1834 by the charter act of 1833.
The passing of the female infanticide prevention act, 1870 made the practice illegal in the british indian regions of punjab and the northwestern provinces. It is a deliberate and intentional act of killing a female child within one year of its birth either directly by using poisonous organic and inorganic chemicals. The section 7 of this act declared that it was initially applicable only to the territories of oudh, northwestern provinces and punjab, but the act authorized the governor general to extend the law to any other district or province of the. For james fitzjames stephen, the famous english judge who helped to formulate both this act and the indian penal code itself. Abridged from the authors on infanticide in its medicolegal relations prov.